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Pseudoplanktonic Organisms Attached on Fossil Plants
K.D. Baets et al. (2021): The fossil record of parasitism: Its extent and taphonomic constraints. In PDF, The Evolution and Fossil Record of Parasitism, pp. 1-50. See also here.
BioConcepts: symphorism.
J.A. Caruso and A.M.F. Tomescu (2012): Microconchid encrusters colonizing land plants: the earliest North American record from the Early Devonian of Wyoming, USA. In PDF, Lethaia.
Fred Clouter, Lower Eocene Fossils of the Isle of Sheppey: Fossil Trees & Logs. Teredo borings.
K.O. Emery (1955): Transportation of Rocks by Driftwood. Abstract, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 25: 51-57.
H.J. Falcon-Lang et al. (2018):
New
insights on the stepwise collapse of the Carboniferous Coal Forests:
Evidence from cyclothems and coniferopsid tree-stumps near the
Desmoinesian–Missourian boundary in Peoria County, Illinois, USA. In PDF,
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 490: 375–392. See also
here
and
there.
Note Fig. 8B: Cordaites leaf encrusted with spirorbids (Microconchus).
E.H. Gierlowski-Kordesch and C.F. Cassle (2015): The "Spirorbis" problem revisited: Sedimentology and biology of microconchids in marine-nonmarine transitions. Abstract, Earth-Science Reviews. See also here.
! R.G. Gillespie et al. (2012): Long-distance dispersal: a framework for hypothesis testing. In PDF, Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 27.
M.R. Gregory (2009): Environmental implications of plastic debris in marine settings - entanglement, ingestion, smothering, hangers-on, hitch-hiking and alien invasions. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, 364: 2013-2025.
H. Hagdorn et al. (2015):
15.
Fossile Lebensgemeinschaften im Lettenkeuper. - p. 359-385, PDF file, in German.
Go to PDF page 8:
!
Microconchus cf. germanicus on plants from the germanotype Lower Keuper
(Lettenkeuper, Erfurt Formation, Ladinian, Triassic).
In: Hagdorn, H., Schoch, R. & Schweigert, G. (eds.):
Der Lettenkeuper - Ein
Fenster in die Zeit vor den Dinosauriern.
Palaeodiversity, Special Issue (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart).
!
Navigate from here
for other downloads (back issues of Palaeodiversity 2015, scroll down to
"Special Issue: Der Lettenkeuper ...").
H. Hagdorn (2010): Posthörnchen-Röhren aus Muschelkalk und Keuper. PDF file, in German. Fossilien 4: 229–236.
S.J. Hageman et al. (2000): Cool-Water Carbonate Production from Epizoic Bryozoans on Ephemeral Substrates. In PDF, Palaios. See especially PDF page 27: Epiphytes on exterior of Metagoniolithon, articulated calcareous red algae.
A.T. Halamski and P.D. Taylor (2022):
Angiosperm
tree leaf as a bryozoan substrate: a case study from the Cretaceous and its
taphonomic consequences. In PDF,
Lethaia.
See also
here.
Urweltmuseum Hauff, Holzmaden.
A driftwood from the Liassic, 12 m long, settled by crinoids.
! See also
here (image hosted by www.chemieunterricht.de).
E.A. Heise et al. (2011):
Wood
taphonomy in a tropical marine carbonate environment:
Experimental results from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. In PDF,
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 312: 363-379.
See also
here.
G. Incagnone et al. (2015):
How
do freshwater organisms cross the "dry ocean"? A review on passive dispersal and
colonization processes with a special focus on temporary ponds.
See also
here
(in PDF).
Please note Fig. 1: Ephippia of
cladocerans coating the
stranded aquatic vegetation
and the shores of Lake Iseo
(Northern Italy).
K.-P. Kelber (1987): Spirorbidae (Polychaeta, Sedentaria) auf Pflanzen des Unteren Keupers - Ein Beitrag zur Phyto-Taphonomie. PDF file (in German), N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh., 175: 261-294.
! N. Kramer (2016): Great river wood dynamics in Northern Canada. In PDF, Thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
A. Krüger et al. (2021):
3D
imaging of shark egg cases
(Palaeoxyris) from Sweden with new insights into Early
Jurassic shark ecology. Open access,
GFF, 143: 229-247.
Note figure 11: Reconstruction of
Palaeoxyris egg cases attached to Neocalamites (Equisitum) (sic!) stems.
P.A. Magni et al. (2015): Evaluation of the floating time of a corpse found in a marine environment using the barnacle Lepas anatifera L. (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Pedunculata). Forensic Science International, 247. See also here (in PDF).
J. Masterson, Smithsonian Marine Station: Spirorbis spp.
D. Minchin (1996): Tar pellets and plastics as attachment surfaces for lepadid cirripedes in the North Atlantic Ocean. Abstract, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 32: 855-859. See also here (in PDF).
M. Poschmann (2017):
Fossilien
marin-terrestrischer Übergangsfazies der Nellenköpfchen-Formation (Unterdevon, höchstes Unter-Emsium)
aus dem Dünnbachtal bei Treis-Karden
(Untermosel, Rheinland-Pfalz, SW-Deutschland). PDF file, in German.
Mainzer naturwiss. Archiv, 54: 47–63. See also
here.
Note plate 3A-B: Lower Devonian plant fossils populated with Microconchus tubes.
A. Radwanski (2009): "Phoenix szaferi" (palm fruitbodies) reinterpreted as traces of wood-boring teredinid bivalves from the Lower Oligocene (Rupelian) of the Tatra Mountains, Poland. PDF file, Acta Palaeobotanica, 49: 279-286.
Robert Randell, British Chalk Fossils: Driftwood with Teredo borings.
F.-J. Scharfenberg et al. (2022): A possible terrestrial egg cluster in driftwood from the Lower Jurassic (Late Pliensbachian) of Buttenheim (Franconia, Germany). In PDF, Zitteliana, 96: 135–143.
S. Schneider and A. Kaim (2012):
Early
ontogeny of Middle Jurassic hiatellids from a wood-fall association: implications
for phylogeny and palaeoecology of Hiatellidae.
Journal of Molluscan Studies, 78: 119-127.
"The specimens settled on sunken driftwood that served as an attachment surface and thus
acted as a "benthic island" on the otherwise muddy seafloor."
A. Seilacher (2011): Developmental transformations in Jurassic driftwood crinoids. Abstract, Swiss Journal of Palaeontology, 130: 129–141.
D.E. Shcherbakov et al. (2021):
Disaster
microconchids from the uppermost Permian and Lower Triassic lacustrine strata of the
Cis-Urals and the Tunguska and Kuznetsk basins (Russia). Abstract,
Geological Magazine.
Note fig. 9: Reconstruction of an Early Triassic (Olenekian) lacustrine community
of microconchid settlements on submerged sphenopsids (artwork: Andrey Atuchin).
!
M.J. Simms (1986):
Contrasting
lifestyles in Lower Jurassic crinoids: a comparison of benthic and pseudopelagic Isocrinida. In PDF,
Palaeontology.
Please notice text fig. 2: Distribution of crinoids on floating driftwood.
Spektrum.de, Lexikon der Biologie: Epökie (in German).
Paul D. Taylor & Olev Vinn (2006): Convergent morphology in small spiral worm tubes ("Spirorbis") and its palaeoenvironmental implications. Abstract, Journal of the Geological Society, 163: 225-228.
P.D. Taylor (1990):
Preservation
of soft-bodied and other organisms by bioimmuration - a review. In PDF,
Palaeontology, 33.
Download a version archived by the Internet Archive´s Wayback Machine.
See also
here.
See especially on PDF page 11:
Fig. 2: Zooids on the alga Fosliella inexpectata, Upper Maastrichtian.
! M. Thiel and L. Gutow (2005): The ecology of rafting in the marine environment. II. The rafting organisms and community. In PDF, Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 43: 279-418. See also here.
!
M. Thiel and L. Gutow (2005):
The
ecology of rafting in the marine environment. I. The floating substrata. Abstract.
In: R.N. Gibson, R.J.A. Atkinson, and J.D.M. Gordon (eds.):
Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 42: 181–264 (Taylor & Francis). See also
here
(in PDF).
Note PDF page 184: A tree of 5–6 m in length populated with
numerous hydrozoans, goose barnacles, isopods, and caprellids.
! M. Thiel and L. Gutow (2005): The ecology of rafting in the marine environment. II. The rafting organisms and community. In PDF. In: R.N. Gibson, R.J.A. Atkinson, and J.D.M. Gordon (eds.): Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 43: 279-418. (Taylor & Francis). See also here (abstract).
!
O. Vinn and P.D. Taylor (2007):
Microconchid
tubeworms from the Jurassic of England and France. In PDF,
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.
Now recovered from the Internet Archive´s
Wayback Machine.
!
Wang Xiaofeng et al. (2009):
The Triassic Guanling fossil Group - A key GeoPark from
Barren Mountain, Guizhou Province, China.
PDF file, from:
Jere H. Lipps and Bruno R.C. Granier (eds.) 2009, (e-book,
hosted by Carnets).
This expired link is now available through the Internet Archive´s
Wayback Machine.
A colony of Traumatocrinus sp. attached by root cirri to an agatized piece of
driftwood!
X.F. Wang et al. (2008):
The
Late Triassic black shales of
the Guanling area, Guizhou Province, south-west China:
a unique marine reptile and pelagic crinoid fossil
Lagerstätte. Palaeontology, 51: 27–61.
!
See especially PDF page 14:
Pseudoplanktic lifestile: A driftwood log 3.3 m long with
Traumatocrinus crinoids attached to both ends; crinoid stem lengths range from approx. 1-7.4 m.
!
Note also PDF page 16:
The pseudoplanktonic lifestyle of a
Traumatocrinus colony attached on drift wood. Wind
makes the log drift in the surface water.
Also worth checking out:
Treasure
with blood: on the discovery of Traumatocrinus (Echinodermata, Triassic) crowns in China;
by J.P. Lin (2014), Palaeoworld. See also
here
(in PDF).
J.M. Waters and D. Craw (2017): Large kelp-rafted rocks as potential dropstones in the Southern Ocean. Abstract, Marine Geology, 391: 13–19.
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Pseudoplankton
Probiose, including Epökie (in German).
pseudoplanktonic
Log Jam.
Driftwood.
Treibholz (in German).
Large woody debris.
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Microconchida
Spirorbis
M. Zaton et al. (2014): Microconchid tubeworms (Class Tentaculita) from the Joggins Formation (Pennsylvanian), Nova Scotia, Canada. Abstract, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences.
M. Zaton and R.L. Peck (2013):
Morphology
and palaeoecology of new, non-marine microconchid tubeworm from Lower Carboniferous
(Upper Mississippian) of West Virginia, USA.
M Zaton, RL Peck - Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. See also
here.
Please take notice: Fig 9. Microconchids encrusting land plants.
M. Zaton et al. (2012):
Invasion
of freshwater and variable marginal marine habitats by microconchid
tubeworms - an evolutionary perspective. In PDF,
Geobios, 45: 603-610. Go to PDF page 5:
!
Fig. 3 A, B. shows the earliest record of freshwater microconchids encrusting terrestrial
plants (Drepanophycus) from the Lower Devonian
(Lochkovian-Emsian) of Wyoming, USA.
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