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Wolf Berger, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego: Climate Change 1: The Earth's Climate System, and Climate Change 2: Past and Future System. Online accompaniment to a distance learning course. See also: Glossary Climate Change.
! Keith Alverson, Raymond Bradley, Thomas Pedersen (eds.); website hosted by PAGES (Past Global Changes) IPO, Bern, Switzerland: Paleoclimate, Global Change and the Future (Springer Verlag, Heidelberg; out of print). The book, published in 2003, provides a synthesis of the past decade of research into global changes that occurred in the Earth System in the past. All the chapters and figures from PAGES (Past Global Changes) synthesis book are now available digitally for free download (PDF files).
American Meteorological Society (website supported by the National Science Foundation): Water in the Earth System Learning Files.
S. Baum, Texas Center for Climate Studies and Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University: Climatology and Paleoclimatology Resources. Web links to climatology and paleoclimatology.
Botany.Com, the Encyclopedia of Plants: Zone Temperatures. Zones in Fahrenheit and Celsius.
Joe Buchdahl, aric, Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester: aric provides world class research and education in atmospheric and sustainability issues to encourage responsible development. Global Climate Change Student Information Guide. The Global Climate Change Student Information Guide includes chapters on: the climate system; causes of climate change; empirical observation and climatic reconstruction; climate modelling; and palaeo- and contemporary climate change.
Science Education Resource Center, Carleton College, Northfield, MN: On the Cutting Edge, Workshops for Geoscience Faculty, Paleoclimate: Climate Change Through Time. This website provides access to a spectrum of visualizations and supporting material that can be used effectively to teach students about palaeoclimate through geologic time. Visualizations include simple animations, GIS-based animated maps, paleogeographic maps, as well as numerous illustrations and photos.
N.M. Chumakov and M.A. Zharkov (web-site hosted by the Laboratory of Arthropods, Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow): Climate during Permian–Triassic Biosphere Reorganizations, Article 1: Climate of the Early Permian.
! Climate Ark (a project of Ecological Internet, Inc). The ClimateArk is a Climate Change Portal and Search Engine.
Climate of the Past. An interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union. Navigate from Volumes and Issues or Title and Author Search.
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University: Tutorial: Using the Viewer. Data Catalog: Datasets by Category, go to Paleoclimate Data.
Committee on the Geologic Record of Biosphere Dynamics, National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences (The National Academies Press): The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics: Understanding the Biotic Effects of Future Environmental Change. 216 pages, 2005. Produced by a committee consisting of both ecologists and paleontologists, the report provides ecologists with background on techniques for obtaining and evaluating geohistorical information, and provides paleontologists with background on the nature of ecological phenomena amenable to analysis in the geological record. The report can be read online for free!
Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS); European Commission; Luxembourg: Environment and Climate. This site offers all recent enviromental and climate projects of the European Union. Govermental and commercial institutions are included in the environment and climate programme.
R. H. Cummins, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Miami University, OH: Internet links to paleoclimate resources.
! W.A. DiMichelle, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
and T.L. Phillips, University of Illinois:
The Response of Hierarchially Structured Ecosystems to Long-Term
Climatic Change: A Case Study using Tropical Peat Swamps of Pennsylvanian Age.
From:
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS,
National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995:
Effects of Past
Global Change on Life.
William A DiMichele et al.: RESPONSE OF LATE CARBONIFEROUS AND EARLY PERMIAN PLANT COMMUNITIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Vol. 29: 461-487, 2001.
François Doumenge, Institut océanographique, Musée océanographique, Monaco, and Arie S. Issar, Water Resource Center, Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel: United Nations University Lecture Series, The Mediterranean Crises, and: Climate Change: Is It a Positive or Negative Process? The United Nations University is an international academic organization that provides and manages a framework for bringing together the world's leading scholars to tackle pressing global problems of major concern to the United Nations.
Paul D. Farrar, Ocean Projects Department, Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center near Bay St. Louis, MS (The World Wide Web Virtual Library): Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography.
Juan Pedro Ferrio Díaz, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany: How can we study past climates?
Robert A. Gastaldo, Colby College: Plants as keys to past climatic conditions.
! S.D. Gedzelman, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York: Climate and Climate Change. Lecture notes. Go to: Climates of the Past and Climate Change (DOC file).
GeoSystems. GeoSystems is a developing community-based initiative that focuses on the importance of the deep-time perspective for understanding the complexities of Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and surficial lithosphere using climate as the focus. Go to: Links to Other Websites of Interest. A growing list of web sites that relate to GeoSystems and deep-time paleoclimate.
GEsource (the geography and environment hub of the Resource Discovery Network (RDN), the UK’s free national gateway to Internet resources for the learning, teaching and research community). Browse and navigate from here. Go to: Climatology.
The NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, (GISS), New York: Paleoclimate.
Rhys E. Green, Mike Harley, Lera Miles, Jörn Scharlemann, Andrew Watkinson and Olly Watts (eds.): Global climate change and biodiversity (PDF file). A summary of papers and discussion from a conference, held at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, UK in April 2003, organised jointly by the RSPB, WWF-UK, English Nature, UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre and the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research.
Robert Grumbine: Science FAQs, Books, Weather and Science Links.
Brian T. Huber, Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: Tropical Paradise at the Cretaceous Poles? Scroll down to: HyperNotes. Related resources on the World Wide Web.
Hope Jahren, (page hosted by PENN Fossil Forest Project, Department of Earth & Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania): Fossil Tree Rings. Remarkable preservation of the 45 million-year-old forests on eastern Axel Heiberg Island.
! The Johns Hopkins University: eGuide to Paleoclimates . The eGuide contains links to advanced instructional tutorials for online examination of hot-button paleoclimate research issues.
George Kling, Globalchange 1 (The University of Michigan): Past Climates on Earth. Climate patterns, past and present. See also here.
! A.H. Knoll and H.D. Holland, Harvard University:
Oxygen and Proterozoic
Evolution: An Update.
From:
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS,
National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995:
Effects of Past Global
Change on Life.
V.A. Krassilov and E.V. Karasev (2009): Paleofloristic evidence of climate change near and beyond the Permian-Triassic boundary. PDF file, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 284: 326-336.
Mark McCaffrey, NOAA: Paleoclimatology Slide Sets. A comprehensive online set of attractive slides, providing background on a variety of paleoclimatology subjects, including Ice Ages, Tree Rings, Ice Cores, Coral Reefs and much more.
Jennifer C. McElwain, UCD Earth Systems Institute, Dublin: Climate change and mass extinction: What can we learn from 200 million year old plants? PDF file.
MCELWAIN, JENNIFER C. Department of Geology, Field Museum, Chicago: A novel climate-independent method for estimating paleo-elevation from fossil plants. Abstract. Botany 2001, August 12 - 16, 2001; Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Richard A. Muller, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley: A Brief Introduction to History of Climate.
NASA: Global Change Master Directory. A comprehensive directory about Earth science and global change data. Go to Paleoclimate.
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), Asheville NC: NCDC Publications. A link list (some access restrictions). NCDC is the world´s largest active archive of weather data.
! NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995: Effects of Past Global Change on Life. Jump to this book's table of contents to begin reading online for free.
!
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington, DC.
NOAA Paleoclimatology.
NOAA Paleoclimatology operate the World Data Center for Paleoclimatology which distributes data
contributed by scientists around the world. Paleo data come
from natural sources such as tree rings, ice cores, corals, and ocean and lake sediments,
and extend the archive of climate back hundreds to millions of years. Go to:
!
What is Paleoclimatology?
Jörg F.W. Negendank, GFZ Potsdam: Klima im Wandel: Die Geschichte des Klimas aus geobiowissenschaftlichen Archiven. PDF file, in German.
! National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington, DC:
NOAA’s mission is to understand and predict changes in Earth’s environment and conserve and manage coastal and marine resources. Go to:
NOAA Paleoclimatology.
NOAA Paleoclimatology operates the World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and the Applied Research
Center for Paleoclimatology, with the goal to provide data and information scientists need to
understand natural climate variability as well as future climate change.
See also:
NOAA Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder, CO:
Other Places of Interest.
A link directory.
The NOAA Paleoclimatology Program at the National Geophysical Data Center: A Paleo Perspective on Global Warming. This site offers a good, non-political starting point for those who want to learn more about global warming. See also: New releases in Paleoclimatology.
NOAA Paleoclimatology Program (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), Boulder: Drought: A Paleo Perspective. The devastating effects of drought are outlined here, limiting the focus to North America. You may navigate from here. See also: Paleoclimatology and Drought. An introduction about the natural environmental (or proxy) records to infer past climate conditions.
The Open University , UK (the world´s first successful distance teaching university): The Open University provides high-quality university education to all. Go to: Global warming. An introduction.
PAGES (a core project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP)). Its scope of interest includes the physical climate system, biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem processes, biodiversity, and human dimensions, on different time scales—Pleistocene, Holocene, last millennium and the recent past.
Paleogeographic Atlas Project, University of Chicago: Permian Introduction, and Jurassic Geography and Climates. Detailed paleotopographic and paleobathymetric maps. See also: Jurassic Floras and Climate.
Michael Pidwirny, Department of Geography, Okanagan University College, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada: FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. The main purpose of Physical Geography is to explain the spatial characteristics of the various natural phenomena that exist in Earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. Go to: Introduction to the Atmosphere, and Introduction to the Hydrosphere.
Laura Roberts, Mark Kirschbaum, and Pete McCabe, the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program: Global Warming. Lessons from the Past? This study of paleogeography of the western United States, from about 98 million years ago to about 66 million years ago, is part of the Cretaceous Coals of North America project. Results of this work will provide a better understanding of the origins and distribution of high-quality coals in the United States.
! Allister Rees,
Department of Geosciences,
University of Arizona,
Tucson:
Paleobiography Project.
There are
three databases, including
a map-based search function, plotting on paleomaps, references
search, genus name search for the dinosaurs and plants, and tutorial pages:
PGAP, the Paleogeographic Atlas Project Lithofacies Database.
Mesozoic and Cenozoic Lithofacies.
CSS, the Climate Sensitive Sediments Database.
Permian and Jurassic Climate Sensitive Sediments.
DINO, the Dinosauria Distributions Database.
Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Dinosaur Distributions.
Registration procedure required.
Allister Rees, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson: Permian Phytogeography and Climate Inference. Downloadable PowerPoint Presentation, Nonmarine Permian Symposium. 18 MB!
Florian Rötzer, Telepolis: Spuren aus der biogeologischen Geschichte der Erde (in German).
Daniel H. Rothman, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA: Global biodiversity and the ancient carbon cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 98, Issue 8, 4305-4310, April 10, 2001.
Daniel H. Rothman, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA: Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels for the last 500 million years. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 99, Issue 7, 4167-4171, April 2, 2002.
Victor A. Schmidt and William Harbert (mirrored by the Faculty Computer Lab, Faculty of Geosciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland): Planet Earth and the New Geosciences. Go to: UNIT 7: THE CLIMATE PUZZLE: THE ATMOSPHERE, and UNIT 8: THE CLIMATE PUZZLE: CLIMATES OF THE EARTH.
Victor A. Schmidt and William Harbert (mirrored by the Faculty Computer Lab, Faculty of Geosciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland): Planet Earth and the New Geosciences. Go to: UNIT 1: A SENSE OF TIME.
! Christopher R. Scotese,
PALEOMAP Project, Arlington, Texas:
Climate History.
Check out what the Earth's climate was like millions of years ago. See also:
Climatic Change.
The animation shows the changing location of the Earth's climatic
belts through time.
Nir J. Shaviv, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, and Ján Veizer, Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr Universität, Bochum, Germany, and Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, University of Ottawa: Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate? GSA Today, Volume 13, Number 7; July 2003.
Lisa Sloan, Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz: Paleoclimate and Climate Change.
! Robert A. Spicer, The Warm Earth Environmental Systems Research Group: Plant Fossils as Climatic Indicators. Go to: Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Programe (CLAMP). An introduction to the use of leaf architecture for determining past climatic conditions.
SD-Dimensions and the Agrometeorology Group, Sustainable Development Department, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO): Global Climate Maps. Climate maps including climate animations for average monthly rainfall, average monthly temperature, and monthly average sunshine.
Eugene S. Takle and Richard C. Seagrave, The Global Learning Resource Network, Iowa State University: GLOBAL CHANGE. About the long-term characteristics of the atmosphere: why the atmosphere is what it is, how it got that way, and what is necessary to make significant changes in its structure and composition. Go to: Evolution of the Earth's Atmosphere.
United States Environmental Protection Agency: Climate Change. EPA's Climate Change Site offers comprehensive information on the issue of climate change. Go to: Past Climate Change. Worth checking out: Glossary of Climate Change Terms.
U.S. National Geophysical Data Center: Climate Timeline Tool. Descriptions with graphics of the general climatic conditions during different periods of time.
Michael Wegner, Köln, GeologieInfo.de: Palaeoclimate (in German).
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Paleoclimatology.
See also
History of climate
(link overview).
! The World Wide Web Virtual Library: Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography.
! Yuri D. Zakharov et al. (2009):
Permian to earliest Cretaceous
climatic oscillations in the eastern Asian continental margin (Sikhote-Alin area),
as indicated by fossils and isotope
data.
PDF file (3 MB), GFF, 131: 25-47. See also
here.
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