Home / Palaeoclimate

Home / Palaeoclimate / Focused on Palaeoclimate

Karsten Alfermann (2001): Untersuchungen zur Anpassung des Photosyntheseapparates Höherer Pflanzen bei Wachstum unter einem erhöhtem CO₂-Partialdruck von 700 ppm. PDF file (9.3 MB), in German. Dissertation, Universität Bielefeld.

Wolf Berger, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego: Climate Change 1: The Earth's Climate System, and Climate Change 2: Past and Future System. Online accompaniment to a distance learning course. See also: Glossary Climate Change.

! Keith Alverson, Raymond Bradley, Thomas Pedersen (eds.); website hosted by PAGES (Past Global Changes) IPO, Bern, Switzerland: Paleoclimate, Global Change and the Future (Springer Verlag, Heidelberg; out of print). The book, published in 2003, provides a synthesis of the past decade of research into global changes that occurred in the Earth System in the past. All the chapters and figures from PAGES (Past Global Changes) synthesis book are now available digitally for free download (PDF files).

American Meteorological Society (website supported by the National Science Foundation): Water in the Earth System Learning Files.

S. Baum, Texas Center for Climate Studies and Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University: Climatology and Paleoclimatology Resources. Web links to climatology and paleoclimatology.

D. Beerling et al. (2009): Methane and the CH₄ related greenhouse effect over the past 400 million years. In PDF.

! D.J. Beerling and D.L. Royer (2002): Fossil plants as indicators of the Phanerozoic global carbon cycle. PDF file, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 30: 527-556.

Robert A. Berner, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT: Atmospheric oxygen over Phanerozoic time. PNAS, Vol. 96, Issue 20, 10955-10957, September 28, 1999.

Botany.Com, the Encyclopedia of Plants: Zone Temperatures. Zones in Fahrenheit and Celsius.

C. Kevin Boyce et al. (2010): Angiosperms Helped Put the Rain in the Rainforests: The Impact of Plant Physiological Evolution on Tropical Biodiversity. PDF file, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 97: 527-540.

Monica Bruckner, Montana State University ( website hosted by Microbial Life, Educational Resources): Paleoclimatology: How Can We Infer Past Climates?

Joe Buchdahl, aric, Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester: aric provides world class research and education in atmospheric and sustainability issues to encourage responsible development. Global Climate Change Student Information Guide. The Global Climate Change Student Information Guide includes chapters on: the climate system; causes of climate change; empirical observation and climatic reconstruction; climate modelling; and palaeo- and contemporary climate change.

! R. Caballero and P. Lynch (2011): Climate modelling and deep-time climate change. PDF file, In: Climate Change, Ecology and Systematics, ed. Trevor R. Hodkinson, Michael B. Jones, Stephen Waldren and John A. N. Parnell. Published by Cambridge University Press.

Science Education Resource Center, Carleton College, Northfield, MN: On the Cutting Edge, Workshops for Geoscience Faculty, Paleoclimate: Climate Change Through Time. This website provides access to a spectrum of visualizations and supporting material that can be used effectively to teach students about palaeoclimate through geologic time. Visualizations include simple animations, GIS-based animated maps, paleogeographic maps, as well as numerous illustrations and photos.

N.M. Chumakov and M.A. Zharkov (2003): Climate during the Permian-Triassic biosphere reorganizations. Article 2. Climate of the Late Permian and Early Triassic: general inferences. PDF file, Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 11: 361-375. Translated from Stratigrafiya. Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya, 11: 55-70. See also:
N.M. Chumakov and M.A. Zharkov (2002): Climate during Permian-Triassic Biosphere Reorganizations, Article 1: Climate of the Early Permian. See also:
M.A. Zharkov and N.M. Chumakov (2001): (web-site hosted by the Laboratory of Arthropods, Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow): Paleogeography and Sedimentation Settings during Permian-Triassic Reorganizations in Biosphere.

! Climate Ark (a project of Ecological Internet, Inc). The ClimateArk is a Climate Change Portal and Search Engine.

Climate of the Past. An interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union. Navigate from Volumes and Issues or Title and Author Search.

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University: Tutorial: Using the Viewer. Data Catalog: Datasets by Category, go to Paleoclimate Data.

Committee on the Geologic Record of Biosphere Dynamics, National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences (The National Academies Press): The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics: Understanding the Biotic Effects of Future Environmental Change. 216 pages, 2005. Produced by a committee consisting of both ecologists and paleontologists, the report provides ecologists with background on techniques for obtaining and evaluating geohistorical information, and provides paleontologists with background on the nature of ecological phenomena amenable to analysis in the geological record. The report can be read online for free!

Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS); European Commission; Luxembourg: Environment and Climate. This site offers all recent enviromental and climate projects of the European Union. Govermental and commercial institutions are included in the environment and climate programme.

! T.J. Crowley and G.R. North (1988): Abrupt climate change and extinction events in earth history. PDF file, Science, 240.

R. H. Cummins, School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Miami University, OH: Internet links to paleoclimate resources.

D. Dilcher et al. (2009): A climatic and taxonomic comparison between leaf litter and standing vegetation from a Florida swamp woodland. PDF file, American Journal of Botany, 96: 1108-1115.

William A. DiMichele et al. (2010): Cyclic changes in Pennsylvanian paleoclimate and effects on floristic dynamics in tropical Pangaea. PDF file, International Journal of Coal Geology, 83: 329-344.

! W.A. DiMichele et al. (2009): Climate and vegetational regime shifts in the late Paleozoic ice age earth. PDF file, Geobiology (2009), 7: 200-226. See also here.

! W.A. DiMichelle, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and T.L. Phillips, University of Illinois: The Response of Hierarchially Structured Ecosystems to Long-Term Climatic Change: A Case Study using Tropical Peat Swamps of Pennsylvanian Age. From:
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995: Effects of Past Global Change on Life.

William A. DiMichele et al. (2001): Response of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian plant communities to climate change. PDF file, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 29: 461-4871.

François Doumenge, Institut océanographique, Musée océanographique, Monaco, and Arie S. Issar, Water Resource Center, Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel: United Nations University Lecture Series, The Mediterranean Crises, and: Climate Change: Is It a Positive or Negative Process? The United Nations University is an international academic organization that provides and manages a framework for bringing together the world's leading scholars to tackle pressing global problems of major concern to the United Nations.

! Erin Eastwood (2008): Pangean Paleoclimate. PDF file, GEO 387H.

! Dianne Edwards (1998): Climate signals in Palaeozoic land plants. PDF file, Phil.Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B.

! D.H. Erwin (2009): Climate as a driver of evolutionary change. PDF file, Current Biology, 19: R575-R583. See also here.

H.J. Falcon-Lang and W.A. DiMichelle (2010): What happened to the coal forests during Pennsylvanian glacial phases? PDF file, Palaios, 25: 611-617.

Paul D. Farrar, Ocean Projects Department, Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center near Bay St. Louis, MS (The World Wide Web Virtual Library): Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography.

Juan Pedro Ferrio Díaz, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany: How can we study past climates?

F. Fluteau et al. (2001): The Late Permian climate. What can be inferred from climate modelling concerning Pangea scenarios and Hercynian range altitude? PDF file, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 167: 39-71.

Robert A. Gastaldo, Colby College: Plants as keys to past climatic conditions.

! S.D. Gedzelman, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York: Climate and Climate Change. Lecture notes. Go to: Climates of the Past and Climate Change (DOC file).

GeoSystems. GeoSystems is a developing community-based initiative that focuses on the importance of the deep-time perspective for understanding the complexities of Earth´s atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and surficial lithosphere using climate as the focus. Go to: Links to Other Websites of Interest. A growing list of web sites that relate to GeoSystems and deep-time paleoclimate.

GEsource (the geography and environment hub of the Resource Discovery Network (RDN), the UK´s free national gateway to Internet resources for the learning, teaching and research community). Browse and navigate from here. Go to: Climatology.

The NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, (GISS), New York: Paleoclimate.

Rhys E. Green, Mike Harley, Lera Miles, Jörn Scharlemann, Andrew Watkinson and Olly Watts (eds.): Global climate change and biodiversity (PDF file). A summary of papers and discussion from a conference, held at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, UK in April 2003, organised jointly by the RSPB, WWF-UK, English Nature, UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre and the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research.

! D.R. Greenwood: Fossil plants as environmental indicators. PDF file.

Robert Grumbine: Science FAQs, Books, Weather and Science Links.

David F. Hendry (2010): Climate Change: Lessons for our Future from the Distant Past. PDF file, Economics Series Working Papers.

Rüdiger Henrich, Polar Research 2011: Book review of: Thomas M. Cronin (2010): Paleoclimates. Understanding climate change past and present. 441 pp., New York, Columbia University Press.

Brian T. Huber, Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: Tropical Paradise at the Cretaceous Poles? Scroll down to: HyperNotes. Related resources on the World Wide Web.

Brian T. Huber et al. (2000): Warm climates in earth history. Table of contents, provided by Google books.

R.B. Huey et al. (2002): Plants versus animals: do they deal with stress in different ways? PDF file, Integrative and Comparative Biology, 42: 415-423.

Hope Jahren, (page hosted by PENN Fossil Forest Project, Department of Earth & Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania): Fossil Tree Rings. Remarkable preservation of the 45 million-year-old forests on eastern Axel Heiberg Island.

P. Jardine (2011): The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. In PDF, Palaeontology Online. See also here.

Miriam Jones (presentation hosted by Katherine Leonard, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University): Paleoclimate Review. Powerpoint presentation.

! The Johns Hopkins University: eGuide to Paleoclimates . The eGuide contains links to advanced instructional tutorials for online examination of hot-button paleoclimate research issues.

! Dennis V. Kent and Giovanni Muttoni (2003): Mobility of Pangea: Implications for Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic Paleoclimate. PDF file, In: Peter M. LeTourneau and Paul Eric Olsen: The great rift valleys of Pangea in eastern North America (Columbia University Press), New York.

George Kling, Globalchange 1 (The University of Michigan): Past Climates on Earth. Climate patterns, past and present. See also here.

! A.H. Knoll and H.D. Holland, Harvard University: Oxygen and Proterozoic Evolution: An Update. From:
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995: Effects of Past Global Change on Life.

V.A. Krassilov and E.V. Karasev (2009): Paleofloristic evidence of climate change near and beyond the Permian-Triassic boundary. PDF file, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 284: 326-336.

University of London External System, London, UK (This is is a division of the University of London that grants external degrees: Study in Economics, Management, Finance and Social Sciences (EMFSS), Biogeography. Go to: Chapter 4: Patterns in time. This PDF file briefly reviews the evolution of the flora and fauna of the earth and the role that plate tectonics, climate and sea level played in their evolution.

! Ellen E. Martin, Department of Geology, University of Florida: Global Climate Change. Lecture notes (powepoint presentations). Navigate from here or there. See especially: General Overview Phanerozoic Palaeoclimate.

D. Mauquoy et al. (2010): A protocol for plant macrofossil analysis of peat deposits. PDF file, Mires and Peat, Volume 7.

Mark McCaffrey, NOAA: Paleoclimatology Slide Sets. A comprehensive online set of attractive slides, providing background on a variety of paleoclimatology subjects, including Ice Ages, Tree Rings, Ice Cores, Coral Reefs and much more.

Jennifer C. McElwain, UCD Earth Systems Institute, Dublin: Climate change and mass extinction: What can we learn from 200 million year old plants? PDF file.

MCELWAIN, JENNIFER C. Department of Geology, Field Museum, Chicago: A novel climate-independent method for estimating paleo-elevation from fossil plants. Abstract. Botany 2001, August 12 - 16, 2001; Albuquerque, New Mexico.

! V. Mosbrugger et al. (2005): Cenozoic continental climatic evolution of Central Europe. PDF file, PNAS, 102: 14964-14969. See also here.

! V. Mosbrugger and T. Utescher (1997): The coexistence approach -- a method for quantitative reconstructions of Tertiary terrestrial palaeoclimate data using plant fossils. PDF file, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 134: 61-86.

Richard A. Muller, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley: A Brief Introduction to History of Climate.

NASA: Global Change Master Directory. A comprehensive directory about Earth science and global change data. Go to Paleoclimate.

National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), Asheville NC: NCDC Publications. A link list (some access restrictions). NCDC is the world´s largest active archive of weather data.

! NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.,1995: Effects of Past Global Change on Life. Jump to this book's table of contents to begin reading online for free.

! National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington, DC. NOAA Paleoclimatology. NOAA Paleoclimatology operate the World Data Center for Paleoclimatology which distributes data contributed by scientists around the world. Paleo data come from natural sources such as tree rings, ice cores, corals, and ocean and lake sediments, and extend the archive of climate back hundreds to millions of years. Go to:
! What is Paleoclimatology?

! National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington, DC: NOAA´s mission is to understand and predict changes in Earth´s environment and conserve and manage coastal and marine resources. Go to: NOAA Paleoclimatology. NOAA Paleoclimatology operates the World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and the Applied Research Center for Paleoclimatology, with the goal to provide data and information scientists need to understand natural climate variability as well as future climate change.
See also: NOAA Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder, CO: Other Places of Interest. A link directory.

Jörg F.W. Negendank, GFZ Potsdam: Klima im Wandel: Die Geschichte des Klimas aus geobiowissenschaftlichen Archiven. PDF file, in German.

The NOAA Paleoclimatology Program at the National Geophysical Data Center: A Paleo Perspective on Global Warming. This site offers a good, non-political starting point for those who want to learn more about global warming. See also: New releases in Paleoclimatology.

NOAA Paleoclimatology Program (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), Boulder: Drought: A Paleo Perspective. The devastating effects of drought are outlined here, limiting the focus to North America. You may navigate from here. See also: Paleoclimatology and Drought. An introduction about the natural environmental (or proxy) records to infer past climate conditions.

Paul E. Olsen and Jessica H. Whiteside: PRE-QUATERNARY MILANKOVITCH CYCLES AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY. PDF file, Encyclopedia of paleoclimatology and ancient environments, p. 826-835.

The Open University , UK (the world´s first successful distance teaching university): The Open University provides high-quality university education to all. Go to: Global warming. An introduction.

PAGES (a core project of IGBP, funded by the U.S. and Swiss National Science Foundations and NOAA). The primary objective of PAGES is to improve the understanding of past changes in the earth system in order to improve projections of future climate and environment.

Paleogeographic Atlas Project, University of Chicago: Permian Introduction, and Jurassic Geography and Climates. Detailed paleotopographic and paleobathymetric maps. See also: Jurassic Floras and Climate.

R.J. Petit et al. (2008): Forests of the past: a window to future changes. PDF file, Science, 320.

Michael Pidwirny, Department of Geography, Okanagan University College, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada: FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. The main purpose of Physical Geography is to explain the spatial characteristics of the various natural phenomena that exist in Earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. Go to: Introduction to the Atmosphere, and Introduction to the Hydrosphere.

I.C. Prentice and S.P. Harrison (2009): Ecosystem effects of CO₂ concentration: evidence from past climates. PDF file, Clim. Past, 5: 297-307.

Laura Roberts, Mark Kirschbaum, and Pete McCabe, the U.S. Geological Survey's Energy Resources Program: Global Warming. Lessons from the Past? This study of paleogeography of the western United States, from about 98 million years ago to about 66 million years ago, is part of the Cretaceous Coals of North America project. Results of this work will provide a better understanding of the origins and distribution of high-quality coals in the United States.

! Allister Rees, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson: Paleobiography Project. There are three databases, including a map-based search function, plotting on paleomaps, references search, genus name search for the dinosaurs and plants, and tutorial pages:
PGAP, the Paleogeographic Atlas Project Lithofacies Database. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Lithofacies.
CSS, the Climate Sensitive Sediments Database. Permian and Jurassic Climate Sensitive Sediments.
DINO, the Dinosauria Distributions Database. Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Dinosaur Distributions.
Registration procedure required.

Allister Rees, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson: Permian Phytogeography and Climate Inference. Downloadable PowerPoint Presentation, Nonmarine Permian Symposium. 18 MB!

Gregory J. Retallack (2010): Greenhouse crises of the past 300 million years. Abstract, Geological Society of America Bulletin, 121: 1441-1455.

Florian Rötzer, Telepolis: Spuren aus der biogeologischen Geschichte der Erde (in German).

Daniel H. Rothman, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA: Global biodiversity and the ancient carbon cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 98, Issue 8, 4305-4310, April 10, 2001.

Daniel H. Rothman, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA: Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels for the last 500 million years. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 99, Issue 7, 4167-4171, April 2, 2002.

Dana L. Royer et al. (2007): Climate sensitivity constrained by CO₂ concentrations over the past 420 million years. PDF file, Nature, 446.

I. Sanmartín and F. Ronquist (2004): Southern Hemisphere Biogeography Inferred by Event-Based Models: Plant versus Animal Patterns. PDF file, Syst. Biol., 53: 216-243.

S.M. Savin (1977): The history of the Earth´s surface temperature during the past 100 million years. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 5: 319-355.

Victor A. Schmidt and William Harbert (mirrored by the Faculty Computer Lab, Faculty of Geosciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland): Planet Earth and the New Geosciences. Go to: UNIT 7: THE CLIMATE PUZZLE: THE ATMOSPHERE, and UNIT 8: THE CLIMATE PUZZLE: CLIMATES OF THE EARTH.

Victor A. Schmidt and William Harbert (mirrored by the Faculty Computer Lab, Faculty of Geosciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland): Planet Earth and the New Geosciences. Go to: UNIT 1: A SENSE OF TIME.

! Christopher R. Scotese, PALEOMAP Project, Arlington, Texas: Climate History. Check out what the Earth's climate was like millions of years ago. See also:
Climatic Change. The animation shows the changing location of the Earth's climatic belts through time.

! B.W. Sellwood and P.J. Valdes (2007): Mesozoic climates. In: Mark Williams et al. (eds.): Deep-time perspectives on climate change: marrying the signal from computer models and biological proxies. Google books.

Nir J. Shaviv, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, and Ján Veizer, Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr Universität, Bochum, Germany, and Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, University of Ottawa: Celestial driver of Phanerozoic climate? GSA Today, Volume 13, Number 7; July 2003.

Nathan D. Sheldon and Neil J. Tabor (2009): Quantitative paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstruction using paleosols. PDF file, Earth-Science Reviews.

Lisa Sloan, Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz: Paleoclimate and Climate Change.

Stephen A. Smith and Jeremy M. Beaulieu (2009): Life history influences rates of climatic niche evolution in flowering plants. In PDF, Proc. R. Soc. B, 276: 4345-4352. See also here.

J.P. Smoot: SEDIMENTARY FABRICS AS INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: STRATEGIES AND PITFALLS IN CORE STUDIES. Powerpoint presentation, Workshop 2007, Colorado Plateau Coring Project (CPCP).

R.A. Spicer et al. (2009): New developments in CLAMP: Calibration using global gridded meteorological data. PDF file, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 283: 91-98.

! R.A. Spicer: Fossils as Environmental Indicators, Climate from Plants. PDF file.

! Robert A. Spicer, The Warm Earth Environmental Systems Research Group: Plant Fossils as Climatic Indicators. Go to: Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Programe (CLAMP). An introduction to the use of leaf architecture for determining past climatic conditions.

SD-Dimensions and the Agrometeorology Group, Sustainable Development Department, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO): Global Climate Maps. Climate maps including climate animations for average monthly rainfall, average monthly temperature, and monthly average sunshine.

Eugene S. Takle and Richard C. Seagrave, The Global Learning Resource Network, Iowa State University: GLOBAL CHANGE. About the long-term characteristics of the atmosphere: why the atmosphere is what it is, how it got that way, and what is necessary to make significant changes in its structure and composition. Go to: Evolution of the Earth´s Atmosphere.

! D. Uhl (2006): Fossil plants as palaeoenvironmental proxies - some remarks on selected approaches. PDF file, Acta Palaeobotanica, 46: 87-100.

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Climate Change. EPA's Climate Change Site offers comprehensive information on the issue of climate change. Go to: Past Climate Change. Worth checking out: Glossary of Climate Change Terms.

U.S. National Geophysical Data Center: Climate Timeline Tool. Descriptions with graphics of the general climatic conditions during different periods of time.

P.J. Valdes (2000): Warm climate forcing mechanism. PDF file, in: Brian T. Huber et al. (2000): Warm climates in earth history (Cambridge University Press).

F. Valladares (2008): A mechanistic view of the capacity of forests to cope with climate change. In PDF, Managing Forest Ecosystems: the challenge of climate changes.

! A.P.M. Vaughan (2007): Climate and geology - a Phanerozoic perspective. In PDF.

Mittsy Voiles and Al Stenstrup: What Information Do Paleobotanists Use to Study Ancient Climates? PDF file, Global Change Education Resource Guide, L.L. Mortensen (ed.), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring. See also here (Teacher Education for Sustainability. I. Global Change Education).

PinXian Wang (2009): Global monsoon in a geological perspective. PDF file, Chinese Science Bulletin, 54: 1113-1136.

Michael Wegner, Köln, GeologieInfo.de: Palaeoclimate (in German).

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: Paleoclimatology.
See also History of climate (link overview).

P. Wilf (2008): Insect-damaged fossil leaves record food web response to ancient climate change and extinction. In PDF, New Phytologist.

! The World Wide Web Virtual Library: Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography.

! Yuri D. Zakharov et al. (2009): Permian to earliest Cretaceous climatic oscillations in the eastern Asian continental margin (Sikhote-Alin area), as indicated by fossils and isotope data. PDF file (3 MB), GFF, 131: 25-47. See also here.

Top of page Links for Palaeobotanists

Search in all "Links for Palaeobotanists" Pages! index sitemap advanced site search by freefind