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Jürgen Albrecht, Berlin: Grundlagen der Medientechnik (in German). Go to: Digitale Bildbearbeitung, and Unterschiedliche Scannerauflösung. See also here.
Department of Geological Sciences (High-Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) Facility), University of Texas, Austin: Image Folio. High-resolution X-ray CT (Computed Tomography) is a completely nondestructive technique for visualizing features in the interior of opaque solid objects, and for obtaining digital information on their 3-D geometries and properties. What is X-ray CT? Eexcerpted and adapted from: Denison, C., Carlson, W.D., and Ketcham, R.A. 1997. Three-dimensional quantitative textural analysis of metamorphic rocks using high-resolution computed X-ray tomography: Part I. Methods and techniques. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 15:29-44
Jacci Howard Bear, About.com: Scanning Resolution, Scaling, File Size. Getting a great scan by understanding resolution, bit depth, file formats and sizes, and scaling options.
! Stefan Bengtson, (Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm); In: Palaeontologia Electronica, Volume 3, Issue 1; 2000 (Coquina Press): Teasing Fossils out of Shales with Cameras and Computers. Simple yet effective methods are available (using Adobe Photoshop) to enhance photographic images of low-contrast and low-relief specimens, such as fossils in shales, without manipulating or retouching the photographs. By applying polarizing filters to camera and light-source(s) in a way analogous to crossing nicols in a petrographic microscope, dramatic results can be achieved where there is a difference in reflectance between fossil and matrix, as with many coalified fossils. Excellent!
Dee Breger (The Silicofossil Group, The Micropalaeontological Society TMS): Colouring-in micrographs - bringing images from the cloistered lab to the general public. See also: Gallery. Some false coloured images.
Sue Chastain, About.com: How To Remove Moire Patterns From Scanned Photos in Photoshop and Elements. See also here.
Curtis Clark, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona: Graphic Publication for Biologists. Useful hints, not only for biologists. Working with photographs, etc.
Consumer Electronics HQ, Inc., Needham, MA: Digital Camera HQ. DigitalCamera-HQ.com's mission is to help consumers find the right digital camera for their needs and then direct them to the best online retailers selling these products.
Alister Cruickshanks, Mineraltown.com: Photographing Fossils.
Michael W. Davidson, Mortimer Abramowitz, Olympus America Inc., and The Florida State University: Molecular Expressions, Introduction to Optical Microscopy, Digital Imaging, and Photomicrography.
Michael W. Davidson, Florida State University: An Introduction to Microscopy and Photography Through the Microscope. This page is divided into sections like: How to set up a microscope, photography through the microscope, sample preparation for microscopy, microscopy resources on the web, etc.
desktopPublishing.com: Scanning Tips and Related Sites.
digitalkamera.de. Available in German and English. Worth checking out: Tips and Tricks, Embed images with appropriate resolution in wordprocessor.
! Digital Photography Review (by Askey.Net Consulting Ltd., edited and maintained by Philip & Joanna Askey). One of the most thorough resources for up-to-the-minute information about cameras, software and digital photographic information. Reviews, comparisons, forums, and buying guides for the digital photographer. Go to: "Buying Guide", "Digital Cameras Side-by-Side". Select two cameras on the left side, then click on the "Add" button to add them to your list, and finally compare side-by-side. Excellent!
The Exploratorium, San Francisco, The Learning Studio: Photography.
Electron Microscopy Core Laboratory (EMCL), Biotechnology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL: Tips & Tricks. This information is gleaned from the Microscopy and Confocal list-servers as well as from independent contributions. Go to: Photography.
Giraud Foster & Norman Barker, Ancient Microworld: Photo Gallery. Some petrified plants. Click on an image to view an enlarged version. See also: Photography Techniques.
Wayne Fulton: A few scanning tips. The purpose is to offer some scanning tips and hints, help with fundamentals and other basic scanning information to help you get the most from your scanner. See also here. And finally: Moiré Interference. Manual descreen methods. Scanning images in magazines/books/newspapers.
! Alan Hadley, U.K.:
CombineZ5 (still available,
because it works with older versions of windows), and
CombineZ Movie (CZM).
The purpose of these free programs is to increase depth of focus by combining pictures, but
each picture should be in focus at a different depth into the scene. The programs are especially
useful to microscope users (e.g. palynomorphs) and macro photographers. Excellent!
CZM is the latest version, it can process movies, take pictures, and has more macro
commands but still has all of the functionality of CombineZ5.
See also
here (about Interactive Digital Photomontage),
and a review of Helicon Focus and CombineZ5 software
(by John Hollenberg, Digital Outback Photo).
Øyvind Hammer, Stefan Bengtson, Tom Malzbender, and Dan Gelb: Imaging Fossils Using Reflectance Transformation and Interactive Manipulation of Virtual Light Sources. Palaeontologia Electronica, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2002. Also available in PDF.
! Helicon Soft Ltd.,
Kharkov,
Ukraine:
Helicon Focus.
This is a shareware program that creates a completely focused image from several partially
focused images by combining the focused areas. You can download and use the program for evaluation purposes for 30 days.
Helicon Focus is designed for macrophotography, microphotography (fluid inclusions!) and hyperfocal landscape photography
to cope with the shallow depth-of-field problem. Excellent!
See also here, and
there (in German).
Richard Hill, Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona: Experiments in scanning fossils. Examples. The trick is to select small areas in the scanning software and then use the highest resolution.
Intas Science Imaging Instruments GmbH, Göttingen, Germany (in German). Microscope cameras and others.
! T.P. Jones and Nick P. Rowe (eds.), Google Books:
Fossil plants and spores:
modern techniques.
Published by Geological Society, 1999,
396 pages. Excellent! Go to page 41:
Macrophotography.
Kodak, (Eastman Kodak Company), Rochester, New York. Go to: Scientific Imaging Systems Products by Use. Whether you're interested in capturing molecular details, the big picture, or something in between, Kodak's digital imaging systems and film products for scientific imaging are specifically designed for such key research applications.
Sean T. McHugh, Cambridge in Colour, Digital Photography Tutorials. Go to: Sharpening Using an "Unsharp Mask".
Philip Greenspun, Switzerland (Project MAC): photo.net, and Black and White Photography Resources, Resource Links.
Bruno J. Navarro, fotophile: World Wide Web Photography Sites. A list of photography and related sites on the World Wide Web.
The Novartis and The Daily Telegraph, UK: Visions of Science. £ 7000 of cash prices to be won. In this competition they are looking for photographs that communicate the impact of science, medicine and technology on all our lives.
FOTO-online. This site from Switzerland provides photographical knowledge, formulas, tables and a glossary of photographical terms (in German).
Kodak. Go to: Digital Photography.
PhotoshopGurus: How to remove moire.
Photoshop Ninja: Removing noise and descreening images in Photoshop.
Real World Scanning and Halftones: Links.
Bjørn Rørslett, Naturfotograf.com: The Circle is Closed: Chips to the Rescue. Macro lenses adapted on a Nicon digital camera!
Scanhelp.com: Descreening Images. Why we use descreening.
! Seam Carving GUI.
Seam carving for content-aware image resizing. Free download!
Also available as
online tool.
For more see
here, and
there (Wikipedia), or read about
the nuts and bolts
(PDF file, by Shai Avidan (Mitsubishi) and Ariel Shamir,
ACM Transactions on Graphics, Volume 26).
Michael J. Sullivan, Catalog Design, Open Market, Inc.: Sullivan's Online Scanning Resources. Online scanning resources website.
TAXONOMIC TOOLS BY COMPUTER 2 (TTBC2)
theImage.com. Digital Photography. An introduction.
! Jessica M. Theodor and Robin S. Furr (2009): High Dynamic Range Imaging as Applied to Paleontological Specimen Photography. Palaeontologia Electronica Vol. 12, No. 1. Underexposed, metered and overexposed images have been saved in Nikon's NEF format (a version of the RAW format) and in high quality JPEG files and then processed using Photomatix Pro (HDRSoft), Hydra 1.5 (Creaceed Software), FDRTools (AGS Technik) and Adobe Photoshop CS3, running under Mac OS X 10.5.3.
U.S. Geological Survey,
U.S. Department of the Interior:
Anaglyph (3D) Imaging and Field Geology.
How anaglyphs are made and the
about 3D camera configuration.
Go to:
3-D Tours Featuring Park Geology, and
A collection of anaglyphic images (3D).
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