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Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
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S. Asche et al. (2023):
What
it takes to solve the Origin (s) of Life: An integrated review of techniques. Free access,
arXiv.
!
Note figure 1: Comprehensive array of experimental and computational techniques,
along with conceptual bridges, which are primarily utilised in OoL studies.
"... We review the common tools and techniques that have been used significantly in
OoL [origin(s) of life] studies in recent years.
[...] it spans broadly — from analytical chemistry to mathematical models — and highlights areas
of future work ..."
J. Bek and J.V. Frojdová (2023):
Spore
Evidence for the Origin of Isoetalean Lycopsids? Open access,
Life, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071546.
Note figure 3: Phylogeny of isoetalean lycopsids.
Compare with figure 4: New scheme.
"... Spores with three apical papillae, reported as dispersed as well
as in situ, were recorded continuously from the lower Silurian (Wenlockian) through the Devonian,
Carboniferous, Permian, Mesozoic to Cenozoic era and form a phylogenetically independent lineage ..."
! M.E. Collinson et al. (2012): The value of X-ray approaches in the study of the Messel fruit and seed flora. Abstract, Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 92: 403-416.
E. Couradeau et al. (2013): Cyanobacterial calcification in modern microbialites at the submicrometer-scale. In PDF, Biogeosciences Discuss., 10: 3311-3339.
J.M. Ede (2021): Deep learning in electron microscopy. Open access, Machine Learning: Science and Technology.
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E.M. Friis et al. (2013):
New
Diversity among Chlamydospermous Seeds from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal and
North America. Free accesss,
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 174: 530–558.
"... The material is based on numerous charcoalified and lignitic specimens recovered from Early
Cretaceous mesofossil floras [...]
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Attenuation-based synchrotron-radiation x-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) and
phase-contrast x-ray tomographic microscopy (PCXTM) were carried out [...]
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Volume rendering (voltex), which provides transparent reconstructions,
was also used for the virtual sections ..."
! F Grímsson et al. (2021): How to extract and analyze pollen from internal organs and exoskeletons of fossil insects? Open access, STAR protocols, 2.
G. Guignard et al. (2024):
TEM
and EDS characterization in a Bennettitalean cuticle from the Lower Cretaceous Springhill
Formation, Argentina. Free access,
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 320.
Note figure 7: Three-dimensional reconstruction of lower and upper cuticles of
Ptilophyllum eminelidarum.
"New cuticle samples from the bennettitalean Ptilophyllum eminelidarum were herein
studied using the combination
of light microscopy (LM), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), and element
analysis by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) ..."
G. Guignard (2021):
Method
for ultrastructural fine details of plant cuticles by transmission
electron microscopy. In PDF,
MethodsX, 8.
See also
here.
! G. Guignard (2019): Thirty-three years (1986–2019) of fossil plant cuticle studies using transmission electron microscopy: A review. Abstract, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 271. See also here (in PDF).
H. Halbritter et al. (2018):
Illustrated
Pollen Terminology. Open access, Springer.
This open access book offers a fully illustrated compendium of glossary terms and basic principles in the
field of palynology. It is a revised and extended edition of “Pollen Terminology.
An illustrated handbook,” published in 2009. This second edition, titled “Illustrated
Pollen Terminology” shares additional insights into new and stunning aspects of palynology.
See likewise
here.
E.K. Kempf (1973):
Transmission
electron microscopy of fossil spores. In PDF, Palaeontology, 16: 787-797.
This expired link is now available through the Internet Archive´s
Wayback Machine.
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B. Liu et al. (2022):
SEM
petrography of dispersed organic matter in black shales: A review. In PDF,
Earth-Science Reviews, 224.
See also
here.
L.C.A. Martínez et al. (2020): Studies of the leaf cuticle fine structure of Zuberia papillata (Townrow) Artabe 1990 from Hoyada de Ischigualasto (Upper Triassic), San Juan Province, Argentina. Free access, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 281. See also here (in PDF).
Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands:
Virtual Classroom Biology.
This website is an educational site,
especially meant for secondary school students who like to have a first glance on teaching
items of the Bio-science programs. One can find custom-made teaching material for
courses from the biology training. Navigate from here.
See especially:
Electron
microscopy (EM).
B. van de Schootbrugge et al. 2024):
Recognition
of an extended record of euglenoid cysts: Implications for the end-Triassic mass extinction.
Free access, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 322.
Note figure 1: Reconstructed palaeographic map of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary interval.
"... We conclude that Chomotriletes is the valid senior synonym of a variety
of taxa, including Circulisporites, Pseudoschizaea, and Concentricystes
[...] Chomotriletes s.l. is considered
to be a cyst of a freshwater organism
[...] The presence of euglenoid cysts in association with the end-Triassic extinction fits
a scenario in which enhanced rainfall followed by strong soil erosion resulted in the release
and redeposition of Chomotriletes into shallow marine settings ..."
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N. Zavialova and E. Karasev (2016):
The
use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to reconstruct the ultrastructure of sporoderm. In PDF,
Palynology, : 89-100.
See also
here.
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Note figure 2: Main stages of preparation for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) study of semithin sections.
N. Zavialova and J.H.A. van Konijnenburg-van Cittert (2011):
Exine
ultrastructure of in situ peltasperm pollen from the Rhaetian of Germany and
its implications. In PDF,
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 168: 7-20.
See also
here.
N. Zavialova et al. (2010): Spore ultrastructure of Selaginellites leonardii and diversity of selaginellalean spores. In PDF, Geo.Alp 7: 1-17.
! A. Ziegler et al. (2010):
Opportunities
and challenges for digital morphology. In PDF,
Biology Direct.
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