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Scanning- (SEM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM)
! Elizabeth B. Andrews (2009): Windows on a Lilliputian world: a personal perspective on the development of electron microscopy in the twentieth century. PDF file, Notes Rec. R. Soc. See also here.
C. Blanco-Moreno (2021):
Preparation
protocols for SEM visualization of charred fossil plants: the
case of Weichselia reticulata pinnule anatomy. In PDF,
Spanish Journal of Palaeontology, 36.
See also
here.
C. Blanco-Moreno et al. (2020):
New
insights into the affinities, autoecology, and habit of the Mesozoic fern Weichselia reticulata
based on the revision of stems from Bernissart (Mons Basin, Belgium). In PDF,
7: 1351-1372.
See also
here.
Note figure 1: Representation of all the reconstructions of Weichselia reticulata to date.
!
A.J. Cole and G.E. Mustoe:
The
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY of GEORGE MUSTOE. In PDF.
!
B. Crair (2023):
The
Fossil Flowers That Rewrote the History of Life.
Free access, The New Yorker.
"... Instead of breaking rocks, she crumbled soft sediments into a sieve, washed away the sand grains in water, and saved the tiny specks of charcoal that were left behind.
[...] Fresh discoveries, she added, could radically change the known history of flowers.
[...] “A day in the field can be years of work in the laboratory.” ..."
John W. Cross, Missouri Botanical Garden: Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM). See also here (without frames).
!
G.D. Danilatos, ESEM Research Laboratory, Sydney, Australia:
ESEM Development and its Future.
"ESEM is a new type of scanning electron microscope, which allows the examination of specimens in
the presence of gases. As a result, wet and dry, insulating or conducting and, generally, all specimens can
now be viewed with no or minimal preparation, in their natural state, or in vacuum".
John Donovan, Micro Analytical Facility, CAMCOR Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in ORegon, University of Oregon, Eugene: Electron Microscopy Societies and On-line Journals, and EPMA & SEM facilities, World Wide.
J.M. Ede (2021): Deep learning in electron microscopy. Open access, Machine Learning: Science and Technology.
A. Fels, Fels Werkstoffanalytik, Stuttgart: Grundlagen der Raster-Elektronenmikroskopie mit Schwerpunkt Sedimentpetrographie. A tutorial (in German). See also: Literatur zur Raster-Elektronenmikroskopie.
! O. Gavrilova et al. (2017): Potential of CLSM in studying some modern and fossil palynological objects. Abstract, Journal of Microscopy, 00: 1–19. See also here and there (in PDF).
! F Grímsson et al. (2021): How to extract and analyze pollen from internal organs and exoskeletons of fossil insects? Open access, STAR protocols, 2.
Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, London: Electron microscopy and mineral analysis. Techniques include electron probe microanalysis, inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, cathodoluminenscence etc.
R.L. Mitchell et al. (2023):
Terrestrial
surface stabilisation by modern analogues of the earliest land plants:
A multi-dimensional imaging study. Open access,
Geobiology.
Note figure 1:
Summary chart highlighting the evolution of different CGC elements [cryptogamic ground covers] from
contrasting molecular, phylogenetic and fossil dating methods, and schematic land plant
phylogeny of modern terrestrial organisms, focussing on
the bryophytes and specific liverwort genera.
!
Imogen Poole and Geoffrey E. Lloyd (2000):
Alternative
SEM techniques for observing pyritised
fossil material. PDF file,
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 112: 287-295.
Still available via Internet Archive Wayback Machine.
J. Prokop et al. (2016):
Hidden
surface microstructures on
Carboniferous insect Brodioptera
sinensis (Megasecoptera) enlighten
functional morphology and
sensorial perception.
Sci. Rep. 6,
28316.
!
"... The broader application to the study of scarce insect fossils was accelerated
recently with use of ESEM, which makes it possible to study uncoated specimens using this non-invasive
technique ...".
!
Philip D. Rack, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering,
University of Tennessee:
Materials Laboratory Procedures. Go to:
Optical Microscopy, and
Sample Preparation (PDF files).
The nuts and bolds of microscopy, including hints about sample preparation.
These expired links are now available through the Internet Archive´s
Wayback Machine.
Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands:
Virtual Classroom Biology.
This website is an educational site,
especially meant for secondary school students who like to have a first glance on teaching
items of the Bio-science programs. One can find custom-made teaching material for
courses from the biology training. Navigate from here.
See especially:
Light
microscopy techniques.
Electron
microscopy (EM).
! I.A. Rahman et al. (2012): Virtual Fossils: a New Resource for Science Communication in Paleontology. In PDF, Evolution: Education and Outreach, 5: 635–641.
Information Technology Department, the UCSD Libraries and Academic Computing Services.
University of California, San Diego:
Web Course Notes and References,
Principles of the Transmission
Electron Microscope (TEM).
The link is to a version archived by the Internet Archive´s Wayback Machine.
SCANNING. Scanning provides an international and interdisciplinary medium for the rapid exchange of information among all scientists interested in scanning electron, scanning probe, and scanning optical microscopies.
Science Learning Network (SLN): Scanning Electron Microscope. SLN is an online community of educators, students, schools, science museums and other institutions demonstrating a new model for inquiry science education.
T.N. Taylor (1968):
Application
of the scanning electron microscope in paleobotany. In PDF,
Transactions of the American Microscopical Society.
Snapshot provided by the Internet Archive´s Wayback Machine.
D. Uhl et al. (2021): Menatanthus mosbruggeri gen. nov. et sp. nov. – A flower with in situ pollen tetrads from the Paleocene maar lake of Menat (Puy-de-Dôme, France). Free access, Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 101: 51–58.
Giuseppe Vicidomini et al. (2008): High Data Output and Automated 3D Correlative Light-Electron Microscopy Method. In PDF.
U. Villanueva-Amadoz et al. (2012): Focused ion beam nano-sectioning and imaging: a new method in characterisation of palaeopalynological remains. In PDF, Grana, 51: 1–9. See also here.
! WWW-Virtual Library: Microscopy links. Aspects of light microscopy, electron microscopy and other forms of microscopy.
!
N. Zavialova and E. Karasev (2016):
The
use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to reconstruct the ultrastructure of sporoderm. In PDF,
Palynology, : 89-100.
See also
here.
!
Note figure 2: Main stages of preparation for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) study of semithin sections.
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Category:Electron microscopy.
Scanning electron microscope.
Environmental
scanning electron microscope.
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