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Introductions to both Fossil and Recent Plant Taxa /
Lycophyta
! American Society of Plant Biologists: Education & Research - Bookmarks > Selaginella.
Museum of Paleontology (UCMP), University of California at Berkeley: Introduction to the Lycophyta
B. Bomfleur et al. (2011): Macrofossil evidence for pleuromeialean lycophytes from the Triassic of Antarctica. PDF file, Acta Palaeontol. Pol., 56: 195-203. See also here.
Bill Chaloner & Geoff Creber, Royal Holloway, University of London (website hosted by The International Organisation of Palaeobotany, IOP): Unexpected occurrences, An unexpected exposure: Pleuromeia.
! M.J.M. Christenhusz et al. (2011): A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns. PDF file, Phytotaxa, 19: 7-54.
Curtis Clark, Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona: Plant Morphology, and Resource. Go to: Lab 10: Lycophyta, Psilotophyta (PDF file).
! Michael Clayton, Department of Botany,
University of Wisconsin, Madison:
Instructional Technology (BotIT).
Some image collections. Excellent! Go to:
Fern
Allies
I. Cojocaru (2010): Orientations in Macrotaxonomy. PDF file.
Compiled by P. R. Crane, J. A. Doyle, P. Gensel, W. Hahn, P. Kenrick, R. Olmstead, K. Pryer, A. Smith, D. Soltis, E. A. Zimmer (page hosted by the Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley): LYCOPHYTES. Compiled at the 1995 Berkeley meeting of the GPPRCG and modified based on broader input at the 1996 Seattle meeting.
Jim Croft, The Australian National Herbarium: A classification of the ferns and their allies - a work in progress. This classification of the genera of ferns and their allies is a loose, perhaps tenuous, concensus of a number of published systems, some of which are available on the web. It tries to reflect contemporary views on phylogenetic relationships and as such will change from time to time.
! Michel Desfayes, Fully, Switzerland
("the irrepressible compiler"):
Bibliography of Isoetes.
Including fossil species.
W.A. DiMichelle and R.A. Bateman (1996): The rhizomorphic lycopsids: a case-study in paleobotanical classification. PDF file.
! dmoz, the Open Directory Project:
Science: Biology: Flora and Fauna: Plantae:
Lycopodiophyta.
See also:
Earth Sciences: Paleontology: Paleobotany:
Taxa.
Google Directory:
! Science > Biology > Flora and Fauna > Plantae >
Lycopodiophyta.
Link directory, with ratings (Google page rank).
L. Grauvogel-Stamm & B. Lugardon, (2001): The Triassic Lycopsids Pleuromeia and Annalepis: Relationships, Evolution, and Origin. PDF file, American Fern Journal, 91: 115-149.
! W.A. Green (2010): The function of the aerenchyma in arborescent lycopsids: evidence of an unfamiliar metabolic strategy. PDF file, Proc. R. Soc., B, 277: 2257-2267.
Monte Hieb and Harrison Hieb: Plant Fossils of West Virginia. Fossil Plants of the Middle Pennsylvanian Period. Go to: Lycopods.
M. Alan Kazlev, Palaeos, Class Lycopsida. Go to: Order Pleuromeiales.
M. Alan Kazlev and Mikko Haaramo, Palaeos, The systematics of the plant kingdom, Lycopsids. Go to: Lycophytina cladogram (various sources).
Enzo Kon'no (1973): New species of Pleuromeia and Neocalamites from the Upper Scythian Bed in the Kitakami Massif, Japan. PDF file.
! Biological Sciences, Ohio State University, Lima:
Plant
Biology at OSU Lima. Go to:
Lycopods.
Plant anatomical characteristics.
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison: Plant Systematics Collection. This web site provides structured access to a teaching collection of plant images representing over 250 families and 1000 genera of vascular plants. Go to: Lycophyta. Lycopodiaceae, Selaginellaceae, Isoetaceae.
Janet Marinelli, Brooklyn Botanic Garden; Plants & Gardens News Volume 18, Number 2; 2003: Power Plants. The Origin of Fossil Fuels. A palaeovegetation reconstruction by Maud H. Purdy.
John Mieles, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester: Evolution of the Earth, Student Webpages, Divisions Lycophyta and Sphenophyta in the Late Paleozoic.
! Palaeobotanical Research Group, Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms University, Münster, Germany. History of Palaeozoic Forests, FOSSIL AND EXTANT LYCOPHYTES. Link list page with rankings and brief explanations. Images of Lepidodendron aculeatum, Lepidophyllum, Lepidophylloides, Cyperites bicarinatus, Lepidostrobus, Lepidostrobophyllum, Lepidostrobophyllum lanceolatum, Lepidophloios laricinus, Lepidophloios.
Dennis C. Murphy, ("Devonian Times", a paleontology web site featuring Red Hill): Who's Who at Red Hill, unidentified cormose lycopsid (Lycopsid Tree), cf. Lepidodendropsis sp. (Lycopsid Tree), and More about Lycopsids.
Lytton Musselman, Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA: Isoetes Home Page (obviously under construction).
Dan Nickrent and Karen Renzaglia, Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale: Land Plants Online, Lycophytes - Phylum Lycopodiophyta.
Karl J. Niklas & Tom Silva, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Introductory Botany. Review Topics, Review of Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes- Common Links Between Each Group of Plants.
Karl J. Niklas & Tom Silva, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Introductory Botany. Review Topics, Megasporogenesis and Megagametogenesis: A Review.
! Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA: Isoetes. Including the Bibliography of Isoetes and the Isoetes Spore Library (PDF file).
S. Oplustil (2010): Contribution to knowledge on ontogenetic developmental stages of Lepidodendron mannebachense Presl, 1838. PDF file, Bulletin of Geosciences.
! K.B. Pigg (2001): Isoetalean Lycopsid Evolution: from the Devonian to the Present. PDF file, American Fern Journal, 91: 99-114. See also here (abstract).
Bernard Renault, 1881-1885 (provided by Gallica): Cours de botanique fossile fait au Muséum d'histoire naturelle.- Première année (1881). Cycadées, zamiées, cycadoxylées, cordaïtées, poroxylées, sigillariées, stigmariées.
G.J. Retallack (1997): Earliest Triassic origin of Isoetes and quillwort evolutionary radiation. PDF file, Journal of Paleontology, 71: 500-521. See also here.
G. Retallack (1975): The life and times of a Triassic lycopod. PDF file, Alcheringa.
Gar W. Rothwell, Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH: Vascular Plant Morphology. This course covers the structure, development, reproductive biology and relationships of vascular plants. The course is structured to emphasize the evolutionary changes that led to the diversity of modern tracheophytes. Go to: Class Lycopsida. (PDF file).
E. Schuettpelz and S.B. Hoot (2006): Inferring the Root of Isoetes: Exploring Alternatives in the Absence of an Acceptable Outgroup. PDF file, Systematic Botany, 31: 258-270.
! Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, & Paul G. Wolf (2006). A classification for extant ferns. PDF file, Taxon, 55: 705-731.
Hans Steur, Ellecom, The Netherlands: Hans´ Paleobotany Pages. Plant life in the Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian and Cretaceous. Go to: The clubmoss tree Sigillaria, Identification table Sigillaria, and The clubmoss tree Lepidodendron.
Ralph E. Taggart, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology/Department of
Geological Sciences at Michigan State University, East Lansing:
BOT335 Lecture Schedule.
Arborescent Lycopods;
Angelo Troia and Antonella Troia, Laboratorio Fisiologia Vegetale, Dip. Scienze Botaniche dell´Università, Palermo: The Isoëtes Page. Go to: The Isoëtes Page. A bibliography.
S.I. Vogel et al. (2011): The Effects of Fire on Lycopodium digitatum strobili. In PDF, Jeffersoniana, 27: 1-9.
Charles H. Wellman et al. (2009): Spore wall ultrastructure in the early lycopsid Leclercqia (Protolepidodendrales) from the Lower Devonian of North America: Evidence for a fundamental division in the lycopsids. PDF file, American Journal of Botany, 96: 1849-1860.
Jianxin Yu et al. (2010):
Annalepis,
a pioneering lycopsid genus in the recovery of the Triassic land flora in South China.
Abstract, Comptes Rendus Palevol., 9: 479-486.
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